Socioeconomic Factors Affect Disparities in Access to Liver Transplant for Hepatocellular Cancer

Table 2

HCC patients by liver transplant status.

	Transplant (𝑛=56)	No transplant (𝑛=519)	𝑃 value/unadjusted; Odds ratio (95% CI)	Age-adjusted^1; Odds ratio (95% CI)
Age (years)	55.7±6.59	61.8±11.55	𝑃<0.001	3.99 (1.90–8.35)
Sex			𝑃=0.013
Males	50 (11.5%)	386 (88.5%)	2.87 (1.20–6.85)	2.05 (0.81–5.41)
Females	6 (4.3%)	133 (95.7%)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
Race			𝑃=0.011
Asian	32 (9.1%)	318 (90.9%)	0.53 (0.29–0.98)	0.46 (0.24–0.92)
White	19 (16%)	100 (84%)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
Pacific Islander	4 (4.7%)	82 (95.3%)	0.26 (0.08–0.78)	0.35 (0.11–1.14)
Education			𝑃=0.006
13+ years	32 (10.1%)	284 (89.9%)	9.1 (1.23–67.8)	4.24 (0.48–30.3)
<13 years	1 (1.2%)	81 (98.8%)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
Insurance			𝑃<0.001
Private	43 (14.3%)	257 (85.7%)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
Medicare	10 (6%)	157 (94.0%)	0.38 (0.19–0.78)	0.75 (1.22–4.64)
Medicaid	0 (0%)	92 (100%)	—	—
Occupation			𝑃=0.017
White collar	21 (15.2%)	117 (84.8%)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
Blue collar	21 (9.5%)	201 (90.5%)	0.58 (0.31–1.11)	0.49 (0.24–1.02)
Service	13 (8.8%)	134 (91.2%)	0.54 (0.26–1.13)	0.47 (0.21–1.05)
None	1 (1.5%)	67 (98.5%)	0.08 (0.01–0.63)	5𝐸−9(5𝐸−9-5𝐸−9)
Residence			NS (𝑃=0.490)
Oahu	43 (9.7%)	519 (90.3%)	0.81 (0.43–1.55)	0.69 (0.32–1.48)
Non-Oahu	13 (9.3%)	127 (90.7%)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
Median income (based on zip code)
<$48,264	24 (42.9%)	277 (53.4%)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
≥$48,264	32 (57.1%)	242 (46.6%)	1.53 (0.88–2.66)	1.64 (0.93–2.88)
Median income (based on education)
<$48,264	40 (71.4%)	446 (85.9%)	1.00 (Reference)	1.00 (Reference)
≥$48,264	16 (28.6%)	73 (14.1%)	2.44 (1.30–4.59)	3.04 (1.57–5.86)