Role of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury during Heart Transplantation

Figure 1

Schematic depicting the activation cascades of the four major MAPK subfamilies and corresponding effects on mitochondrial chromosome c release and apoptosis. ERK1/2 and ERK5/BMK1 have been associated with cell survival, whereas JNK and p38 MAPK have been predominantly associated with apoptosis.