Review Article
Waitlist Mortality and Posttransplant Outcomes in African Americans with Autoimmune Liver Diseases
Table 1
Baseline characteristics.
| | Recipient characteristics | | Caucasians, n = 21232 | African Americans, n = 3261 | value |
| | Gender, n (%) | | Male | 8934 (42) | 1163 (35.6) | <0.001 | | Female | 12298 (57.9) | 2098 (64.3) | | Age, median (IQR) | 53 (43–60) | 43 (31–54) | 0.001 | | BMI, median (IQR) | 25.5 (22.6–29.2) | 25.7 (22.6–30.5) | 0.002 | | BMI ≥30, n (%) | 4930 (23.2) | 925 (28.3) | <0.001 | | Blood type, n (%) | | A | 8702 (40.9) | 845 (25.9) | <0.001 | | B | 2241 (10.5) | 663 (20.3) | | AB | 722 (3.4) | 135 (4.1) | | O | 9567 (45) | 1618 (49.6) | | Public insurance, n (%) | 5038 (23.7) | 1207 (37) | <0.001 | | No college education, n (%) | 6337 (29.8) | 1083 (33.2) | <0.001 | | Comorbidities, n (%) | | Diabetes | 2552 (12) | 540 (16.5) | <0.001 | | Encephalopathy | 6535 (30.7) | 1079 (33) | <0.001 | | Ascites | 8803 (41.4) | 1464 (44.8) | <0.001 | | Muscle wasting | 1682 (7.9) | 171 (5.2) | <0.001 | | SBP | 914 (4.3) | 140 (4.2) | 0.006 | | HCC diagnosis ever, n (%) | 185 (0.87) | 23 (0.71) | <0.001 | | Functional status at listing, n (%) | | No assistance | 10861 (51.1) | 1421 (43.5) | <0.001 | | Some assistance | 6206 (29.2) | 1023 (31.3) | | Total assistance | 1782 (8.3) | 459 (14) | | Missing | 2383 (11.2) | 358 (10.9) | | Level of care, n (%) | | Outpatient | 8691 (40.9) | 1236 (37.9) | <0.001 | | Inpatient non-ICU | 2085 (9.8) | 413 (12.6) | | Inpatient ICU | 1312 (6.1) | 257 (7.8) | | Missing | 9144 (43) | 1355 (41.5) | | Primary diagnosis, n (%) | | AIH | 4935 (23.2) | 1254 (38.4) | <0.001 | | PBC | 6796 (32) | 466 (14.2) | | PSC | 9501 (44.7) | 1541 (47.2) | | Waitlist days, median (IQR) | 242 (65–734) | 178 (31–626) | 0.0001 | | UNOS region | | 1 | 1081 (5) | 63 (1.9) | <0.001 | | 2 | 2608 (12.2) | 514 (15.7) | | 3 | 2211 (10.4) | 646 (19.8) | | 4 | 1867 (8.7) | 335 (10.2) | | 5 | 2781 (13.1) | 199 (6.1) | | 6 | 784 (3.6) | 23 (0.71) | | 7 | 2452 (11.5) | 233 (7.1) | | 8 | 2087 (9.8) | 139 (4.2) | | 9 | 1268 (5.9) | 312 (9.5) | | 10 | 2250 (10.6) | 306 (9.3) | | 11 | 1843 (8.6) | 491 (15) | | MELD score at transplant, median (IQR) | 18 (13–27) | 23 (15–32) | 0.0001 | | Donor characteristics | | Age, median (IQR) | 39 (24–52) | 37 (23–51) | 0.0174 | | Type, n (%) | | Deceased | 10903 (51.3) | 1834 (56.2) | <0.001 | | Living | 1232 (5.8) | 79 (2.4) | | Missing | 9097 (42.8) | 1348 (41.3) | | Cold ischemia, median (IQR) | 6.5 (4.7–8.8) | 6.3 (4.8–8.5) | 0.5940 | | ABO, n (%) | | Matched | 11220 (52.8) | 1743 (53.4) | 0.043 | | Compatible | 823 (3.8) | 149 (4.5) | | Incompatible | 90 (0.42) | 21 (0.65) | | Missing | 9099 (42.8) | 1348 (41.3) |
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BMI, body mass index. HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma. SBP, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. ICU, intensive care unit. AIH, autoimmune hepatitis. PBC, primary biliary cholangitis. PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis. MELD, model for end-stage liver disease. IQR, interquartile range.
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