Goniometry and Limb Girth in Miniature Dachshunds

Table 1

Median and mean (with standard deviation) flexion angles at the hip, stifle, and hock in miniature Dachshunds. Each value was viewed independently, meaning dog 1 left limb hock flexion was one variable and right limb hock flexion was a second variable.

Group	Median flexion hip (°)	Median flexion stifle (°)	Median flexion hock (°)	Mean flexion hip (°)	Standard deviation	Mean flexion stifle (°)	Standard deviation	Mean flexion hock (°)	Standard deviation
Group 1: ambulatory paraparetic group	55	54	39	54.3	4.6	56	12.9	39.2	5.3
Group 2: nonambulatory paraparetic group	49	50	40	49.1	8.4	48.2	13.2	39.5	7.1
Group 3: paraplegic group	50	43.5	40	51.3	11.9	46	11.0	39.3	5.7
Pooled data combining all three groups	50	50	40	51.6	2.61	50.1	5.3	39.3	0.15