Review Article
Inflammation in Diabetic Nephropathy
Table 1
Cytokines involved in Diabetic Kidney Inflammation.
| Cytokine | Role in Diabetic Kidney Inflammation |
| ICAM-1 | Adhesion molecule facilitating leukocyte-endothelial adhesion and infiltration into diabetic kidneys | VCAM-1 | Adhesion molecule facilitating leukocyte-endothelial adhesion and infiltration into diabetic kidneys | MCP-1 | Chemoattractant which promotes macrophage recruitment into diabetic kidneys | TNF- | Promotes production of reactive oxygen species, induces cell injury, and increases endothelial permeability | IL-1 | Stimulates expression of cell adhesion molecules and profibrotic growth factors and increases endothelial permeability | IL-6 | Promotes mesangial proliferation, glomerular hypertrophy, fibronectin production and increases endothelial permeability | IL-18 | Increases production of other cytokines (ICAM-1, IL-1, TNF-) and induces apoptosis of endothelial cells | Adiponectin | Reduces oxidative stress, production of TNF-, and leukocyte-endothelial adhesion | Leptin | Induces oxidative stress, inflammation, hypertrophy, and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and impairs endothelial function | Resistin | Promotes expression of MCP-1, VCAM-1, endothelin-1, and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells |
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