Research Article
The Causative Pathogen Determines the Inflammatory Profile in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Outcome in Patients with Bacterial Meningitis
Table 4
Difference in CSF inflammatory parameters between patients with a nonfatal and a fatal outcome.
| (a) Pooled pathogens |
| | | Nonfatal cases | Fatal cases | Mann-Whitney | | Median (min.–max.) (pg/mL) | Median (min.–max.) (pg/mL) |
| | IL-1β | 13.19 (0.61–1040) | 57.19 (9.84–682) | 0.046 | | IL-2 | 1.6 (0.18–255.69) | 1.41 (0.38–6.9) | 0.6618 | | IL-6 | 67789 (3917–162002) | 104035 (77100–175553) | 0.0365 | | IL-10 | 15764 (509.5–217931) | 14131 (809–90755) | 0.9351s | | IL-1RA | 117918 (3183–1.301 × ) | 337610 (19362–983243) | 0.0209 | | TNF-α | 195.1 (17.6–3390) | 484.3 (88.41–1199) | 0.0436 | | IFN-γ | 11.16 (0.42–1920) | 49.13 (1.77–2853) | 0.1823 | | MCP-1 | 2101 (309.8–40005) | 2903 (1187–20728) | 0.2193 | | MIP-1α | 935.6 (133.8–27027) | 1166 (30.75–16122) | 0.9351 | | MIP-1β | 2728 (530.7–24661) | 3555 (1263–90852) | 0.4177 | | TGF-α | 41.05 (10.30–305.2) | 93.3 (36.74–302.3) | 0.0099 | | MMP-9 | 463489 (1877–5.319 × 106) | 1.258 × 106 (313541–4.497 × 106) | 0.0671 | | WBC | 4600 (100–186000) | 11100 (1000–42400) | 0.062 | | Nitrite/nitrate* | 137.5 (23.15–625) | 226.9 (83.6–368.5) | 0.3627 |
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| (b) SP only |
| | | Non-fatal cases () | Fatal cases () | Mann-Whitney | | Median (min.–max.) (pg/mL) | Median (min.–max.) (pg/mL) |
| | IL-1β | 54.44 (1.79–1040) | 206.9 (9.84–682) | 0.5253 | | IL-2 | 7.87 (0.38–19.81) | 1.6 (0.38–5.55) | 0.1452 | | IL-6 | 106232 (4440–150456) | 136215 (77100–175553) | 0.3434 | | IL-10 | 7515 (509.5–44609) | 7497 (809–17392) | 0.6010 | | IL-1RA | 55240 (4413–275000) | 121576 (19362–983243) | 0.1591 | | TNF-α | 70.65 (0.22–570.9) | 416.2 (88.41–1199) | 0.048 | | IFN-γ | 40.82 (8.03–1920) | 190.7 (23.73–2853) | 0.202 | | MCP-1 | 10109 (1691–23059) | 2897 (2020–20307) | 0.8207 | | MIP-1α | 829.1 (256.9–3828) | 416.4 (30.75–1738) | 0.5025 | | MIP-1β | 2732 (575.8–6685) | 3771 (1263–7342) | 0.6313 | | TGF-α | 35.52 (16.36–153.5) | 100.5 (36.74–302.3) | 0.149 | | MMP-9 | 1.103 × 106 (275632–4.254 × 106) | 2.676 × 106 (475112–4.497 × 106) | 0.2331 | | WBC | 4600 (100–64000) | 12930 (3200–42400) | 0.1375 |
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| (c) NM only |
| | | Non-fatal cases () | Fatal cases () | Mann-Whitney | | Median (min.–max.) (pg/mL) | Median (min.–max.) (pg/mL) |
| | IL-1β | 10.56 (0.61–325.9) | 50.5 (10.48–205.4) | 0.3056 | | IL-2 | 1.41 (0.38–25.69) | 1.22 (0.38–6.9) | 0.916 | | IL-6 | 67789 (5917–162002) | 1100160 (77742–145357) | 0.3056 | | IL-10 | 16715 (1883–217931) | 47476 (5436–90755) | 0.1974 | | IL-1RA | 182057 (3183–305690) | 447933 (275000–639929) | 0.001 | | TNF-α | 267.2 (17.6–3390) | 552.4 (247.4–1126) | 0.2661 | | IFN-γ | 9.1 (2.62–219.8) | 8.3 (1.77–102.7) | 0.5413 | | MCP-1 | 1283 (309.8–40005) | 2909 (1187–20728) | 0.3056 | | MIP-1α | 1200 (133.8–27027) | 1937 (585.1–16122) | 0.444 | | MIP-1β | 3137 (530.7–24661) | 3388 (1851–90852) | 0.5528 | | TGF-α | 44.05 (10.3–146.5) | 86.05 (58.93–144.7) | 0.0526 | | MMP-9 | 585934 (1877–5.319 × 106) | 525821 (313541–2.188 × 106) | 0.7996 | | WBC | 4900 (100–17000) | 7800 (1000–38560) | 0.3983 |
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Significantly higher CSF concentrations in patients with a fatal outcome are represented in italic lines.
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