Paraoxonase1 Genetic Polymorphisms in a Mixed Ancestry African Population
Table 2
Genes and baseline characteristics.
Characteristics
PON1 rs662
PON1 rs854560
Overall
Int
QQ192
Q192R
192RR
value
55MM
L55M
LL55
value
133
402
309
576
243
25
844
Men, (%)
32 (24.1)
104 (25.9)
72 (23.3)
0.722
152 (26.4)
54 (22.2)
2 (8)
0.066
208 (24.6)
0.239
Diabetes, (%)
36 (27.1)
130 (32.3)
72 (23.3)
0.028
156 (27.1)
71 (29.2)
11 (44)
0.168
238 (28.2)
0.243
Hypertension (%)
76 (57.1)
240 (59.7)
162 (52.4)
0.151
329 (57.1)
135 (55.6)
14 (56)
0.917
478 (56.6)
0.285
Age, years (SD)
55.4 (15.0)
55.2 (15.0)
52.6 (16.2)
0.052
55.0 (15.6)
54.1 (15.5)
61.4 (12.0)
0.063
54.3 (15.5)
0.078
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
127 (23)
126 (21)
122 (20)
0.040
124 (20)
126 (22)
125 (23)
0.0672
125 (20)
0.703
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
76 (17)
76 (12)
74 (12)
0.138
75 (13)
76 (13)
74 (15)
0.433
76 (13)
0.126
Body mass index (kg/m2)
29.4 (7.1)
29.9 (7.1)
29.4 (7.0)
0.569
29.4 (7.0)
30.2 (7.3)
30.3 (7.3)
0.288
29.6 (7.1)
0.931
Waist circumference (cm)
97 (15)
96 (15)
96 (16)
0.649
96 (15)
97 (17)
98 (13)
0.482
96 (15)
0.091
Hip circumference (cm)
109 (15)
109 (14)
108 (14)
0.763
108 (14)
110 (14)
110 (12)
0.527
109 (14)
0.695
Waist/hip ratio
0.89 (0.09)
0.88 (0.08)
0.88 (0.11)
0.875
0.88 (0.08)
0.89 (0.12)
0.89 (0.08)
0.785
0.88 (0.10)
0.056
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/L)
6.5 (2.9)
6.6 (3.3)
6.3 (3.4)
0.385
6.3 (2.9)
6.7 (3.8)
8.0 (4.7)
0.019
6.5 (3.3)
0.105
2-hour glucose (mmol/L)
7.2 (2.6)
7.7 (3.9)
7.3 (3.4)
0.343
7.4 (3.3)
7.5 (3.4)
9.6 (7.9)
0.038
7.5 (3.5)
0.762
HbA1c (%)
6.3 (1.5)
6.4 (1.5)
6.3 (1.6)
0.641
6.2 (1.4)
6.4 (1.6)
7.4 (2.6)
0.0004
6.3 (1.5)
0.170
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)
5.6 (1.2)
5.6 (1.2)
5.5 (1.2)
0.358
5.6 (1.2)
5.6 (1.2)
5.9 (1.2)
0.372
5.6 (1.2)
0.373
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
1.3 (0.4)
1.3 (0.3)
1.3 (0.4)
0.693
1.3 (0.4)
1.3 (0.3)
1.4 (0.4)
0.082
1.3 (0.4)
0.857
Triglycerides (mmol/L)
1.5 (1.0)
1.5 (0.9)
1.5 (1.0)
0.843
1.5 (0.9)
1.5 (1.0)
1.5 (0.7)
0.885
1.5 (0.9)
0.141
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)
3.7 (1.0)
3.7 (1.0)
3.6 (1.0)
0.457
3.6 (1.0)
3.7 (1.0)
3.8 (1.1)
0.792
3.6 (1.0)
0.723
Gamma glutamyl transferase (IU/L)
27 19–40.2
26 18–39
26 18–42.2
0.748
27 18–41
25 18–36
30 21–49
0.321
27 18–40
0.325
C-reactive protein (mg/L)
3.5 1.3–7.6
4.2 1.1–9.8
3.5 1.1–8.1
0.446
3.9 1.1–8.8
3.5 1.1–8.7
5.8 2.7–11.0
0.165
3.8 1.1–8.8
0.456
Cotinine (ng/mL)
10 10–251
10 9–247
10 10–341
0.073
10 9–309
10 9.7–247.5
10 9-10
0.080
10 9–283
0.928
Fasting insulin (μU/mL)
8 3.7–14.1
7.3 3.3–13
7.1 2.7–13.9
0.667
7.4 2.9–13.7
7.6 3.7–13.8
6.8 3–7.5
0.389
7.4 3.1–13.5
0.752
2 h insulin (μU/mL)
35.7 16–84.6
36.7 20–60.7
34.7 15.6–73.1
0.890
35.7 18.7–66.7
36.6 17–69.9
29.6 13.8–56.7
0.660
36.3 17.5–68
0.033
Median glucose/insulin ratio (μU/mL)
0.76 0.39–1.58
0.79 0.48–1.79
0.74 0.42–1.81
0.718
0.79 0.42–1.81
0.72 0.45–1.51
0.89 0.71–2.74
0.151
0.77 0.43–1.77
0.462
Median HOMA-IR
2.1 1.0–3.8
1.8 0.9–1.7
1.8 0.6–3.4
0.302
1.8 0.7–3.8
1.9 0.9–3.6
1.9 0.7–2.7
0.756
1.8 0.7–3.7
0.540
Median HOMA-B%
76 24–158
63 25–124
77 27–149
0.150
70 23–141
71 33–142
56 15–104
0.248
69 25–138
Median QUICKI
0.15 0.14–0.17
0.15 0.14–0.17
0.15 0.14–0.18
0.354
0.15 0.14–0.18
0.15 0.14–0.17
0.15 0.14–0.17
0.694
0.15 0.14–0.17
0.079
Median 1/HOMA-IR
0.48 0.26–1.05
0.56 0.27–1.16
0.57 0.29–1.63
0.302
0.55 0.26–1.46
0.53 0.27–1.10
0.51 0.37–1.32
0.757
0.54 0.27–1.33
HDL: high density lipoprotein; LDL: low density lipoprotein; HOMA-IR: homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; QUICKI: quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index.
