IL-1β and TNFα Promote Monocyte Viability through the Induction of GM-CSF Expression by Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts

Figure 2

Effect of IL-1β and TNFα on M-CSF, IL-34, and GM-CSF expression in RA SF. SF were stimulated by IL-1β (25 ng/mL) or TNFα (25 ng/mL) for 24 hours. (a)–(c) RNA was harvested and a qPCR for M-CSF, IL-34, and GM-CSF expression was performed. Results are given as the relative expression using hHPRT gene as housekeeping gene. The bars represent the mean and each plots one biological replicate ( patients). (d) GM-CSF concentration (pg/mL) was assessed by ELISA. Results are given as the mean (± SEM). ; ; .

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