IL-1β and TNFα Promote Monocyte Viability through the Induction of GM-CSF Expression by Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Fibroblasts

Figure 5

MCSF, GM-CSF, TNFα, and IL-1β concentrations are increased in the synovial fluid of RA patients. (a)–(d) MCSF, GM-CSF, TNFα, and IL1 concentration was assessed in synovial fluid of RA () and OA () patients using the Luminex technology. Each dot represents one patient and the bar indicates the mean concentration. ; . (e)-(f) Scatter plot showing the correlation between TNFα, IL-1β, and GM-CSF concentration. = correlation coefficient measured using the nonparametric Spearman rank order test.

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