|
MicroRNA | Target mRNA | Function | Reference |
|
miR-1/206 | LXRα | Suppresses lipogenesis. | [24] |
|
miR-9 | ACAT1 | Decreases formation of foam cells. | [25] |
PPARδ | Mediates inflammatory response in human monocytes following lipopolysaccharide treatment. | [26] |
|
miR-21 | FABP7 | Downregulated in the livers of mice on a high-fat diet. MiR-21 levels may be upregulated by lycopene, thus blocking lipid accumulation. | [27] |
|
miR-29a | LPL | Upregulated in oxLDL-treated dendritic cells. By targeting LPL, it affects lipid uptake and inflammatory cytokine secretion. | [28] |
|
miR-30c | MTP | Reduces ApoB secretion, lipid synthesis, and atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice. | [29] |
|
miR-125a-5p | ORP9 | Upregulated in macrophages treated with oxLDL mediating lipid uptake. Inhibits the secretion of inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6-, TNFα, TGFβ). | [30] |
|
miR-155 | SCG2 | Upregulated in oxLDL-treated macrophages/dendritic cells. Important for lipid uptake and expression of adhesion molecules. | [31] |
LXRα | Upregulated in the liver of animals on a high-fat diet. Upregulation seems to protect them from steatosis, since miR-155−/− animals are susceptible to hepatosteatosis. | [32] |
FADD | Attenuates oxLDL-mediated macrophage apoptosis implicating a possible protective role in atherosclerosis. | [33] |
|
miR-181b | Importin-α3 | Downregulated in ApoE−/− mice and in subjects with CAD. Delivery of miR-181b reduces inflammatory response and protects ApoE−/− mice from atherosclerosis. | [34] |
|
miR-185/342 | SREBP | In prostate cancer cells, miR-185 and miR-342 target SREBP, causing FASN and HMGCoAR downregulation. | [35] |
|
miR-217 | SIRT1 | Upregulated in the liver of chronically ethanol-fed mice, resulting in fat accumulation. | [36] |
|
miR-335 | –- | Upregulated in the liver and white adipose tissue of obese mice. During adipose tissue differentiation, its levels correlate with lipid accumulation and e.g., PPARγ or FAS levels. | [37] |
|
miR-378/378* | CRAT, MED13 | Both miRNAs are encoded within the PGC-1β gene which is important for mitochondrial development and metabolism. By targeting CRAT and MED13, they affect fatty acid metabolism and metabolic gene expression control. | [38] |
–- | Overexpression of miR-378/378* stimulates lipogenesis and increases lipid droplet size in developing adipocytes. | [39] |
|
miR-467b |
LPL | Downregulated in the liver of high-fat diet-fed mice, which results in the upregulation of LPL and affects the development of hepatosteatosis. | [40] |
Decreased lipid accumulation and inflammatory cytokine secretion in oxLDL-treated macrophages. | [41] |
|
miR-613 | LXRα | Suppresses lipogenesis. | [42] |
|