Effect of Proinflammatory Cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β) on Clinical Manifestations in Indian SLE Patients

Figure 3

Bar chart showing levels of (a) IL-6, (b) TNF , and (c) IL1 in active and inactive SLE patients with involvement of various organ systems. MUCO = mucocutaneous (malar/discoid rash, alopecia, oral ulcers, and photosensitivity), MUSC = musculoskeletal (myositis, arthritis, and arthralgia), RENAL = (urinary casts, hematuria >0.5 gm/day, proteinuria > 5 red blood cells/high-power field), SEROUS = serositis (pleurisy, pericarditis, and inflammation of peritoneum), CNS = central nervous system (seizure and neuropsychosis), HAEM = haematological (leukocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, and low haemoglobin concentrations), and = statistical value.

(a)

(b)

(c)