Crocin Suppresses LPS-Stimulated Expression of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase by Upregulation of Heme Oxygenase-1 via Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase 4
Figure 3
Inhibitory effects of crocin on NF-κB translocation in LPS-stimulated macrophages. (a) Cells were incubated with the indicated concentrations of crocin for 3 h and then stimulated with LPS (0.1 μg/mL) for 30 min, after which nuclear and cytosolic proteins were analyzed by Western blotting. (b) Cells were treated with crocin (500 μM) in the absence or presence of ZnPP (1 μM) for 3 h and then stimulated with LPS (0.1 μg/mL) for 30 min, after which nuclear proteins were analyzed by Western blotting. (c) Cells were incubated with crocin in the absence or presence of ZnPP as described above and then stimulated with LPS (0.1 μg/mL) for 30 min. Fixed cells were subsequently stained with anti-NF-κB, FITC-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG antibody, and DAPI, and images were taken using fluorescence microscope.
