Korean Red Ginseng Saponin Fraction Rich in Ginsenoside-Rb1, Rc and Rb2 Attenuates the Severity of Mouse Collagen-Induced Arthritis

Figure 4

RGSF-A treatment affects CIA immune cell subpopulation activation and colocalization in dLN and joints of CIA mice. Flow cytometry was performed to detect cell surface molecules as indicated in the methods section. (a) CD4⁺ T helper (black bars) and CD8⁺ cytotoxic (gray bars) T-lymphocyte subpopulations are depicted. (b) Bar graphs show a relative subpopulation of CD4⁺CD25⁺ double positive T lymphocyte CD4 T-cells (black bars) and CD3⁺CD69⁺ double positive, early T lymphocyte activation marker (gray bars). (c) Relative colocalization of T-lymphocytes expressing CD3⁺ cell surface marker (black bars) and a subpopulation of B-lymphocytes with CD19⁺ cell surface markers (gray bars) were analyzed in mice treated with RGSF-A, MTX, or vehicle by flow cytometry. (d) CIA-stimulated B220⁺CD23⁺ double positive cells as marker of active B-lymphocyte were analyzed. (e) T-lymphocytes expressing CD3⁺ surface markers (black bars) with neutrophils (gray bars) expressing Gr-1⁺CD11b⁺ surface markers infiltrated in the joints. (f) Antigen presenting cells expressing MHCII⁺CD11c⁺ double positive cell surface marker (black bars) were analyzed as cellular infiltrates in dLN. ^∗𝑃<0.05, ^∗∗𝑃<0.01, and ^∗∗∗𝑃<0.001 as compared with vehicle treatment; 𝑛=6 for each group.

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