Anti-Inflammatory Effect of 1,3,5,7-Tetrahydroxy-8-isoprenylxanthone Isolated from Twigs of Garcinia esculenta on Stimulated Macrophage

Figure 6

Proposed mechanisms of TIE inhibition of LPS plus IFNγ induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells. TIE inactivates MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in addition to inhibiting expression of miR155, which may result from TIE downregulation of iNOS, COX-2, and IL-6 expression and their production. Arrows indicate the main inflammatory pathway activated by LPS stimulation. The prohibition signs indicate the inhibitory effects of TIE.