Lipid Peroxidation-Mediated Inflammation Promotes Cell Apoptosis through Activation of NF-κB Pathway in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovial Cells

Figure 5

Dramatic apoptosis by 4-HNE treatment in MH7A synovial cells. ((a)–(c)) Representative images and histograms showing that percentages of cell apoptosis are increased by 4-HNE treatment of both low concentration (5 μM) ((a) and (b)) and high concentration (50 μM) ((a) and (c)) groups from 0 to 12 h. Results are averages of five independent experiments. Data represent mean ± SEM. ^∗∗∗. ((d)-(e)) Western blots showing that protein levels for apoptotic marker, cleaved caspase 3, are increased by 4-HNE treatment of both low concentration (5 μM) (d) and high concentration (50 μM) (e) groups from 0 to 12 h. Note that in the high concentration group, cleaved caspase 3 begins to decrease in 12 h compared to that of 6 h.

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