Association of Adipokines with Insulin Resistance, Microvascular Dysfunction, and Endothelial Dysfunction in Healthy Young Adults

Table 5

Association of the inflammation measures with microvascular structure (capillary densities) and function (ACR).

Inflammation measure		Baseline capillary density: at rest			Maximal capillary density: after venous occlusion			ACR
		(# capillaries per mm^2)			(# capillaries per mm^2)			(mg albumin per g creatinine)
	Increment	D	(95% CI)	p	D	(95% CI)	p	R	(95% CI)	p
CRP (mg/L)	2	−1.7	(−2.9, −0.4)	0.009	−2.7	(−4.6, −0.9)	0.004	1.13	(0.96, 1.33)	0.158
IL-6 (pg/mL)	2			0.001			0.083	0.99	(0.81, 1.21)	0.918
<1.5		Ref.			Ref.
1.5–3.4		4.6	(2.2, 6.9)	0.001	3.9	(0.5, 7.4)	0.026
3.5+		1.2	(−2.7, 5.0)	0.554	2.4	(−3.2, 8.0)	0.397
TNF (pg/mL)	3	−1.2	(−2.5, 0.2)	0.089	−2.4	(−4.4, −0.4)	0.020	1.04	(0.87, 1.24)	0.688
PAI-1 (ng/mL)	25	−0.4	(−1.5, 0.7)	0.515	−2.2	(−3.8, −0.5)	0.009	1.12	(0.97, 1.29)	0.137
Adiponectin (g/mL)	8	0.9	(−0.8, 2.7)	0.300	−0.7	(−3.3, 1.9)	0.619	0.93	(0.74, 1.17)	0.523

ACR: albumin-to-creatinine ratio.
: estimated mean difference for the outcome, corresponding to the increment shown (~1 standard deviation) for each inflammation measure. : estimated geometric mean ratio for the outcome (analyzed after log-transformation because of skewness), corresponding to the increment shown (~1 standard deviation) for each inflammation measure. CI: confidence interval.
The models controlled for age, sex, race, marital status, employment status, smoking, drinking, BMI, and QUICKI.