Subtoxic Concentrations of Hepatotoxic Drugs Lead to Kupffer Cell Activation in a Human In Vitro Liver Model: An Approach to Study DILI

Figure 5

KC activation with supernatants of PHH previously incubated with subtoxic concentrations of hepatotoxic drugs. PHH of three donors (A, B, and C, see Table 1) were treated with 100 μM acetaminophen (APAP) or 100 μM diclofenac (DIC) for 1 h. The supernatants were used to stimulate KC from the same donor for 2 h. The intracellular ROI formation ((a1), (b1), and (c1)) was investigated by the DCF assay and the KC activity ((a2), (b2), and (c2)) was determined by the XTT assay. Data are shown as box plots, representing the median, the interquartile range, and minimum and maximum values, .

(a)

(b)

(c)