Folic Acid Supplementation Mitigates Alzheimer’s Disease by Reducing Inflammation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Table 4

The mRNA levels of genes related to serum biomarker parameters at baseline and 6-month follow-up in folic acid and control groups.

Item	Groups	Cases ()	Treatment time		Repeated measures
			Before treatment	At 6 months	Interaction effect,; P (η)	Time effect,; P (η)	Group effect,; P (η)
PS1-mRNA	Intervention	24	50.71 (28.66, 128.88)	43.44 (21.81, 85.86)	0.017 (0.676)	0.008 (0.781)	0.000 (0.988)
	Control	24	37.16 (30.98, 66.76)	143.10 (107.14, 241.16)
PS2-mRNA	Intervention	24	21.34 (2.87, 70.20)	4.68 (1.58, 22.78)	0.055 (0.488)	0.823 (0.056)	0.775 (0.059)
	Control	24	5.86 (2.09, 0.29)	9.50 (5.76, 13.77)
APP-mRNA	Intervention	24	14.56 (6.99, 30.98)	20.68 (8.79, 24.40)	0.358 (0.149)	0.970 (0.050)	0.064 (0.458)
	Control	24	17.79 (8.12, 73.90)	19.88 (9.82, 86.05)
IL-6-mRNA	Intervention	24	0.43 (0.21, 0.89)	0.28 (0.17, 0.47)	0.101 (0.373)	0.195 (0.251)	0.080 (0.417)
	Control	24	0.26 (0.12, 0.51)	0.22 (0.11, 0.53)
TNFα-mRNA	Intervention	24	6.20 (3.00, 11.12)	2.86 (1.44, 5.73)	0.044 (0.527)	0.091 (0.393)	0.520 (0.097)
	Control	24	5.43 (2.19, 8.51)	5.50 (3.35, 8.48)

Variables are presented as median (, ). Serum biomarkers, which were normally distributed after logarithmic transformation, are analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA. η describes the percentage of variance explained in the dependent variable by a predictor variable.