Neuroimmunology of Huntington’s Disease: Revisiting Evidence from Human Studies

Table 1

Clinical trials performed for testing anti-inflammatory-/immunomodulatory-based therapies in Huntington’s disease.

Study	Drug	Trial design	Endpoint classification	Estimated enrollment	Outcomes	Status
NCT02481674	VX15/2503	Multicenter, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, phase 2 trial.	Safety/efficacy	84	No published results.	Currently recruiting. Estimated primary completion date: August 2018.
NCT02215616	Laquinimod	Multicenter, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, phase 2 trial.	Safety/efficacy	400	No published results.	Currently recruiting. Estimated primary completion date: August 2017.
NCT01502046	Cannabinoids: delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD)	Randomized, double blind, crossover, placebo controlled, phase 2 trial.	Safety	25	No published results.	Completed.
NCT00146211	Ethyl-EPA (Miraxion™, phospholipase A2 inhibitor)	Multicenter, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, phase 3 trial.	Efficacy	300	^1Ethyl-EPA was generally well tolerated. Ethyl-EPA was not beneficial in patients with Huntington's disease. At 6 months, the Total Motor Score 4 point change for patients receiving ethyl-EPA did not differ from that for those receiving placebo. No differences were found in measures of function, cognition, or global impression [61].	Completed.
NCT01357681	Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)	Multicenter, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, phase 2 trial.	Efficacy	54	No published results.	Completed.
NCT00029874	Minocycline	Randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, phase 1/phase 2 trial.	Safety/efficacy	63	No published results.	Completed.
NCT00277355	Minocycline	Multicenter, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled, phase 2/phase 3 trial.	Safety/efficacy	114	^2Minocycline at 100 and 200 mg/day for 8 weeks was well tolerated. No adverse events occurred more often with minocycline use [52].	Completed.

Reference [61].
Reference [52].