Review Article

Natural Orifice Transesophageal Endoscopic Surgery: State of the Art

Table 1

Transesophageal NOTES procedures in animal studies.

MediastinoscopyCardiomyotomy
ThoracoscopyEsophagomyotomy
LymphadenectomyVagotomy
Pleural biopsySympathectomy
Myocardial and left atrium injectionEsophagectomy and end-to-end anastomosis*
Pericardial fenestrationPulmonary lobectomy*
Epicardial ablationLeft atrial appendage ligation*

*With single transthoracic trocar assistance.