Research Article

Stacked Heterogeneous Neural Networks for Time Series Forecasting

Table 7

The errors of the model for the UK industrial production data (window size 5).

MSE on original dataMSE on normalized data

TrainingNormal NN1.1850.132×10-3
Exponential NN0.9880.111×10-3
Stack0.9880.111×10-3

TestingNormal NN296.89533.281×10-3
Exponential NN9.8101.099×10-3
Stack9.8101.099×10-3