Table 8: Optimization models and results for cement materials in Table 5.
 Optimization Models 
 Model.1:  
 Model.2:  
 Model.3:  
   
 Model.4:  
 Model.5:  
 Model.6:  
 Model.7:  
      Subject to (3.1)–(3.4) 
   
   
   
   
  ,  
 
  ,  
 
   
 
ModelsOptimal ingredient ratioNotes
Model.1  
Model.2  
Model.3  
Model.4
Model.5
Model.6
Model.7
Where , , , and are ingredient ratio of the carbide slag, clay, sulfuric acid residue, and cinder, respectively.