Opposition-Based Barebones Particle Swarm for Constrained Nonlinear Optimization Problems

Table 2

Mean best function values achieved by PSO, BPSO, OBPSO-1, and OBPSO, and the best results among the four algorithms are shown in bold.

Functions	Optimum	PSO mean	BPSO mean	OBPSO-1 mean	OBPSO mean
𝐺01	−15	−13.013	−14.46	−15	−15
𝐺02	−0.803619	−0.47191	−0.58944	−0.70536	−0.79973
𝐺03	−1.0	−1.00468	−1.00339	−1.00287	−1.00126
𝐺04	−30665.539	−30665.5	−30665.5	−30665.5	−30665.5
𝐺05	5126.4981	5213.14	5228.32	5154.76	5126.68
𝐺06	−6961.814	−6961.81	−6961.81	−6961.81	−6961.81
𝐺07	24.306	25.9185	25.3492	24.8576	24.4196
𝐺08	−0.095825	−0.095825	−0.095825	−0.095825	−0.095825
𝐺09	680.630	680.679	680.630	680.630	680.630
𝐺10	7049.248	7639.4	7474.5	7292.82	7049.2605
𝐺11	0.750	0.749	0.749	0.749	0.749
𝐺12	−1.0	−1.0	−1.0	−1.0	−1.0
𝐺13	0.05395	0.819146	0.61415	0.52312	0.33837