Earthquake Damage Assessment for RC Structures Based on Fuzzy Sets

Table 2

Damage-degree description.

Damage degree	Global appearance	Column	Beam
Slight	Sporadic occurrence of cracking	Very fine cracks (less than 0.1 mm)	Very fine cracks (less than 0.1 mm)
Minor	Minor cracks; partial crushing of concrete in columns	Visible cracks (0.1 to 0.2 mm)	Visible shear cracks (near support) or tension cracks (at bottom) (0.1 to 0.2 mm)
Moderate	Extensive large cracks; spalling of concrete in weaker elements	Major portion of outer layer of concrete is spalled but core is intact except for hairline cracks (0.2 to 0.5 mm)	Major portion of outer layer of concrete is spalled but core is intact except for hairline cracks (0.2 to 0.5 mm)
Severe	Extensive crashing of concrete; disclosure of buckled reinforcement	Diagonal/torsional cracks in concrete core (0.5 to 3 mm), opening of tie bars, and bucking of longitudinal bars	Reinforcement and concrete bond is broken, there are cracks in the core concrete (0.5 to 3 mm), and shear tie bar have failed
Collapse	Partial or total collapse of building	Crushing of core concrete at joints and relative movement with respect to slab and other columns (cracks > 3 mm)	Crushing of concrete at supports and excessive deflection