Research Article

Differential Evolution-Based PID Control of Nonlinear Full-Car Electrohydraulic Suspensions

Table 3

RMS and peak values of all the suspension performance criteria.

Technique RMS Peak RMS Peak

ā€‰Front right suspension travel (m)Front left suspension travel (m)
Passive
Manual
DE

ā€‰Rear right suspension travel (m) Rear Left suspension travel (m)
Passive
Manual
DE

ā€‰Front right tyre dynamic load (N) Front Left tyre dynamic load (N)
Passive
Manual
DE

ā€‰Rear right tyre dynamic load (N) Rear left tyre dynamic load (N)
Passive
Manual
DE

ā€‰Front right control input voltage (V) Front left control input voltage (V)
Passive N/A N/A N/A N/A
Manual
DE

ā€‰Rear right control input voltage (V) Rear left control input voltage (V)
Passive N/A N/A N/A N/A
Manual
DE

ā€‰Pitch acceleration (rad/s2) Roll acceleration (rad/s2)
Passive
Manual
DE

ā€‰Heave acceleration (m/s2) Cumulative actuation force (N)
Passive N/A N/A
Manual
DE