Explicit Dynamic Finite Element Method for Failure with Smooth Fracture Energy Dissipations
Figure 6
Evolution from the state (a) to (d) through the intermediate states (b) and (c) where the correction force decreases. denotes the mass matrix related to the standard degrees of freedom , to the existing discontinuous degree of freedoms , and to the new discontinuous degrees of freedom . denotes the external force, denotes the cohesive force, and denotes the internal forces related to the different kinds of degrees of freedom (i.e. , , and , respectively, denoted by a cross, a continuous circle, and a dotted circle).
