Research Article

Opposition-Based Animal Migration Optimization

Table 1

Benchmark functions based on our experimental study.

Test functionD RangeOptimum

30[−100, 100]0
30[−10, 10]0
30[−100, 100]0
30[−100, 100]0
30[−30, 30]0
30[−100, 100]0
30[−1.28, 1.28]0
30[−500, 500]−418.9829 * n
30[−5.12, 5.12]0
30[−32, 32]0
30[−600, 600]0

30[−50, 50]0
30[−50, 50]0
2[−65.53, 65.53]0.998004
4[−5, 5]0.0003075
2[−5, 5]−1.0316285
2[−5, 10] * [ , 0.398
2[−5, 5]3
3 0, 1 −3.86
6 0, 1 −3.32
4 0, 10 −10.1532
4 0, 10 −10.4029
4 0, 10 −10.5364