Differential Evolution Algorithm with Self-Adaptive Population Resizing Mechanism

Table 9

Robustness of 𝑠 value.

Function	𝑠=1	𝑠=3	𝑠=5
	Mean error (Std Dev)	Mean error (Std Dev)	Mean error (Std Dev)
1	4.38𝑒−126(2.27𝑒−125)	6.67𝑒−119(3.65𝑒−118)	3.84𝑒−143(1.57𝑒−142)
2	1.32𝑒−01(7.27𝑒−01)	3.98𝑒−01(1.21𝑒+00)	6.64𝑒−01(1.51𝑒+00)
3	2.66𝑒−15(0.00𝑒+00)	3.01𝑒−15(1.08𝑒−15)	2.78𝑒−15(6.48𝑒−16)
4	0.00𝑒+00(0.00𝑒+00)	1.47𝑒−3(3.46𝑒−03)	1.56𝑒−03(4.45𝑒−03)
5	0.00𝑒+00(0.00𝑒+00)	0.00𝑒+00(0.00𝑒+00)	0.00𝑒+00(0.00𝑒+00)
6	1.77𝑒−01(3.94𝑒−02)	1.96𝑒−01(1.82𝑒−02)	1.96𝑒−01(1.82𝑒−02)
7	1.57𝑒−32(5.56𝑒−48)	1.57𝑒−32(5.56𝑒−48)	1.57𝑒−32(5.56𝑒−48)
8	1.34𝑒−32(5.56𝑒−48)	1.34𝑒−32(5.56𝑒−48)	1.34𝑒−32(5.56𝑒−48)
9	0.00𝑒+00(0.00𝑒+00)	0.00𝑒+00(0.00𝑒+00)	0.00𝑒+00(0.00𝑒+00)
10	1.17𝑒−28(1.07𝑒−28)	5.08𝑒−28(2.51𝑒−28)	6.92𝑒−28(5.60𝑒−28)
11	7.00𝑒+03(4.29𝑒+03)	5.19𝑒+03(4.64𝑒+03)	5.09𝑒+03(3.17𝑒+03)
12	4.22𝑒−15(1.25𝑒−14)	1.03𝑒−06(2.14𝑒−06)	1.07𝑒−06(3.07𝑒−06)
13	1.49𝑒+00(5.68𝑒+00)	3.04𝑒+00(1.22𝑒+01)	5.31𝑒−01(1.37𝑒+00)
14	2.07𝑒+01(3.98𝑒−01)	2.05𝑒+01(4.07𝑒−01)	2.06𝑒+01(3.24𝑒−01)
15	0.00𝑒+00(0.00𝑒+00)	0.00𝑒+00(0.00𝑒+00)	0.00𝑒+00(0.00𝑒+00)
16	2.18𝑒+01(3.58𝑒+00)	3.16𝑒+01(6.60𝑒+00)	3.34𝑒+01(7.00𝑒+00)
17	2.42𝑒+01(1.68𝑒+00)	1.91𝑒+01(4.04𝑒+00)	1.81𝑒+01(4.14𝑒+00)