Trajectory Estimation of Aircraft in a Double-Satellite Passive Positioning System with the Adjoint Method

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</svg> and observed <svg height="16.4125" id="M10" style="vertical-align:-3.2316pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 88.599998 16.4125" width="88.599998" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,24.088,12.138)"><path d="M300 253l-14 -55h-229l14 55h229z" id="x2D"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,30.139,12.138)"><path d="M775 650l-6 -28q-60 -6 -81.5 -16t-61.5 -54l-175 -191l125 -243q30 -58 48.5 -71t82.5 -19l-5 -28h-275l7 28l35 4q31 4 37 12t-6 34l-108 216q-140 -165 -177 -219q-16 -22 -10.5 -30.5t41.5 -13.5l22 -3l-7 -28h-244l8 28q52 4 75 15.5t67 52.5q48 46 206 231
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,82.65,12.138)"><path d="M275 270q0 -296 -211 -440l-19 23q75 62 116.5 174t41.5 243t-42 243t-116 173l19 24q211 -144 211 -440z" id="x29"></path></g>
</svg> coordinate system.</table>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

fig1

Figure 1

Figure 1: Trajectory Estimation of Aircraft in a Double-Satellite Passive Positioning System with the Adjoint Method 