A Novel Method for Surface Defect Detection of Photovoltaic Module Based on Independent Component Analysis

<table class="table-group" width="800px"><tr class="fig-image" id="a"><td><img alt="520568.fig.006a" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/mpe/volume-2013/520568/figures/520568.fig.006a.jpg"/></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td align="center"><table><tr><td><b>(a) </b>Hole</td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="b"><td><img alt="520568.fig.006b" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/mpe/volume-2013/520568/figures/520568.fig.006b.jpg"/></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td align="center"><table><tr><td><b>(b) </b>Sintering</td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="c"><td><img alt="520568.fig.006c" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/mpe/volume-2013/520568/figures/520568.fig.006c.jpg"/></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td align="center"><table><tr><td><b>(c) </b>Crack</td></tr></table></td></tr><tr class="fig-image" id="d"><td><img alt="520568.fig.006d" src="https://static.hindawi.com/articles/mpe/volume-2013/520568/figures/520568.fig.006d.jpg"/></td></tr><tr class="fig-caption"><td align="center"><table><tr><td><b>(d) </b>Cobwebbing</td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Figure 6

Figure 6: A Novel Method for Surface Defect Detection of Photovoltaic Module Based on Independent Component Analysis 