Multidiscipline Topology Optimization of Stiffened Plate/Shell Structures Inspired by Growth Mechanisms of Leaf Veins in Nature

Table 1

Convergence values of ℎ_𝑠 and 𝑅 for each stiffener.

	B-1	B-2	B-3	B-4	B-5	B-6	B-7	B-8
ℎ𝑠 (mm)	7.460	9.700	7.460	9.920	7.460	9.700	7.460	9.920
𝑅 (%)	31.74	32.03	31.74	33.16	31.74	32.03	31.74	33.16