Predatory Search Strategy Based on Swarm Intelligence for Continuous Optimization Problems

Table 3

Average optimums of seven algorithms.

Algorithm	Sphere	Rosenbrock	Schaffer’s 𝑓6	Rastrigrin	Griewank
PSS-PSO	0	0.0813065	0	13.2057	1.0214𝐸−16
GPSO	0	24.486	0	29.6099	2.37𝐸−2
LPSO	6.33𝐸−29	18.9472	—	35.0819	1.1𝐸−2
VPSO	8.49𝐸−39	35.9005	—	27.7394	1.31𝐸−2
CLPSO	1.06𝐸019	11*	—	7.4𝐸−11	6.45𝐸−13
GTO	0	5.1711316	0	215.24	5.7518𝐸−4
APSO	0	2.84*	—	5.8𝐸−15	1.67𝐸−2