Gradient-Based Cuckoo Search for Global Optimization

Figure 1

Surface plots of the two-variable benchmark functions used in this study: (a) Ackley, (b) Beale, (c) Booth, (d) cross-leg table, (e) Himmelblau, (f) Levy 13, (g) Matyas, and (h) Schaffer functions.

(a)

(b)

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(e)

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(h)