Designing of Elastoplastic Adaptive Truss Structures with the Use of Particle Swarm Optimization

Table 1

Cross sections (mm²) of the 10-element truss structure (Figure 1): original; optimized for maximum stiffness by the gradient method; stiffest by PSO; simultaneously optimized for maximum energy dissipation with a single adaptive element; compare Section 4.1 ( marks the optimal localization of the active element in this case).

Elem.	Orig.	Grad.	PSO	PSO-AIA
1	110	233.3	233.9	122
2	110	103.6	103.1	0.0
3	110	205.1	204.4	70.9
4	110	0.0	0.0	306.6
5	110	142.8	142.2	45.9
6	110	95.7	96.8	189.7
7	110	0.0	0.0	0
8	110	69.1	69.9	306.6
9	110	154.3	153.6	0
10	110	87.0	86.5	0