Nonlinear Least Square Based on Control Direction by Dual Method and Its Application

Table 1

The estimated value by dual method, LS method, and ridge estimate.

Comparison value	True value	Dual method	LS method	Ridge method
⁡	1	1.0000	1.0001	1.0001
	1	0.9999	0.9976	0.9994
	1	0.9851	1.0163	1.0011
	1	0.9826	0.9753	1.0011
	1	0.9888	0.9526	0.9992
	1	1.0000	1.0169	0.9979
	1	1.0136	1.0833	0.9983
	1	1.0283	0.7300	1.0001
	1	1.0433	1.0032	1.0032