Nonlinear Least Square Based on Control Direction by Dual Method and Its Application

Table 3

The estimated value by dual method, LS method, and ridge estimate.

Comparison value	True value	Dual method	LS method	Ridge method
⁡	1	1.0000	1.0079	1.0049
	1	0.9709	0.7354	0.9366
	1	0.9673	2.7178	1.1139
	1	0.8735	−2.1462	1.1102
	1	0.9103	−2.3567	0.9203
	1	1.1105	9.7344	0.7954
	1	0.9577	11.5079	0.8278
	1	0.9885	−28.6162	1.0138
	1	1.2147	14.4586	1.3164