Optimization of the Distribution and Localization of Wireless Sensor Networks Based on Differential Evolution Approach

Algorithm 1

DEA applied to WSN.

procedure DEA

 Set the control parameters

 Create Pop

 Evaluate fitness, area, energy, redundancy

 Start generations counter

 Repeat until stop conditions are completed:

 (tree is built and ) or

 (tree is built and area coverage ≥  )

 for   to   do

   Select from Pop

   Mutation , equation (19);

   Recombination , equation (20);

   Validate .

   Update () if needed;

   De-overlap , update () if needed;

   Selection, equation (21)

 end for

  fitness, area, energy and redundancy

 Apply Hungarian algorithm to versus .

 Apply Prim-Dijkstra(cnode, ) to array of links;

 if Some nodes are not connected to the tree then

   Continue;

 else nodes are connected

   Tree has been build.

 end if

 scale = scale + delta (Variable option until )

 End repeat

 return  , Fitness, Area, Energy, redundancy

end procedure