Table 5: Summary of numerical analysis for cylindrical shells including an elliptical cutout with constant height and different height.

Model designation Shell length Cutout size () Buckling load () R400-θ90-L300-L0150-α70-Perfect 300 — 2535 R400-θ90-L300-L0150-α70- 300 1806 R400-θ90-L300-L0150-α70- 300 1611 R400-θ90-L300-L0150-α70- 300 1446 R400-θ90-L300-L0150-α70- 300 1286 R400-θ90-L300-L0150-α70- 300 1140 R400-θ90-L500-L0150-α70-Perfect 500 — 2103 R400-θ90-L500-L0150-α70- 500 1622 R400-θ90-L500-L0150-α70- 500 1425 R400-θ90-L500-L0150-α70- 500 1262 R400-θ90-L500-L0150-α70- 500 1141 R400-θ90-L500-L0150-α70- 500 995 R400-θ90-L700-L0150-α70-Perfect 700 — 2004 R400-θ90-L700-L0150-α70- 700 1579 R400-θ90-L700-L0150-α70- 700 1367 R400-θ90-L700-L0150-α70- 700 1182 R400-θ90-L700-L0150-α70- 700 1056 R400-θ90-L700-L0150-α70- 700 926 R1000-θ90-L300-L0150-α70-Perfect 300 — 3489 R1000-θ90-L300-L0150-α70- 300 2625 R1000-θ90-L300-L0150-α70- 300 2418 R1000-θ90-L300-L0150-α70- 300 2281 R1000-θ90-L300-L0150-α70- 300 2189 R1000-θ90-L300-L0150-α70- 300 2112 R1000-θ90-L500-L0150-α70-Perfect 500 — 2371 R1000-θ90-L500-L0150-α70- 500 2158 R1000-θ90-L500-L0150-α70- 500 1950 R1000-θ90-L500-L0150-α70- 500 1814 R1000-θ90-L500-L0150-α70- 500 1699 R1000-θ90-L500-L0150-α70- 500 1607 R1000-θ90-L700-L0150-α70-Perfect 700 — 2104 R1000-θ90-L700-L0150-α70- 700 1974 R1000-θ90-L700-L0150-α70- 700 1783 R1000-θ90-L700-L0150-α70- 700 1630 R1000-θ90-L700-L0150-α70- 700 1508 R1000-θ90-L700-L0150-α70- 700 1401