Modeling the Dynamic Failure of Railroad Tank Cars Using a Physically Motivated Internal State Variable Plasticity/Damage Nonlocal Model
Figure 2
Comparison of the damage distribution of a double-notched edge specimen numerical tensile tests using the local BCJ model for two different mesh sizes, coarse (a) and fine (b) meshes. Note the localization of the damage in a layer of width one element size for the two meshes.