Overall Memory Impairment Identification with Mathematical Modeling of the CVLT-II Learning Curve in Multiple Sclerosis

Figure 4

Cluster analysis using 𝐵3 or 𝐵4 in males. (a) Healthy male participants: clustering using 𝐵3 only, cluster referring to lower memory functioning (9 cases) and cluster referring to higher memory functioning (11 cases). There is no overlap between these 𝐵3 clusters. (b) Healthy male participants: clustering using 𝐵4 only, cluster referring to lower memory functioning (5 cases) and cluster referring to higher memory functioning (15 cases). There is no overlap between these 𝐵4 clusters. (c) MS male patients: clustering using 𝐵3 only, cluster referring to lower memory functioning (48 cases) and cluster referring to higher memory functioning (51 cases). There is no overlap between these 𝐵3 clusters. (d) MS male patients: clustering using 𝐵4 only, cluster referring to lower memory functioning (59 cases) and cluster referring to higher memory functioning (40 cases). There is no overlap between these 𝐵4 clusters. Cluster referring to lower memory functioning—white bars, cluster referring to higher memory functioning—gray bars. Each bar represents mean ± S.E.M.

(a) Healthy male participants, 𝐵3

(b) Healthy male participants, 𝐵4

(c) MS male patients, 𝐵3

(d) MS male patients, 𝐵4