Ultrahigh-Field MR (7 T) Imaging of Brain Lesions in Neuromyelitis Optica
Table 1
Demographic, disease-related, and radiographic characteristics of the NMOsd cohort.
Patient number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Cohort
Clinical
Ethnicity/race
Hispanic
Multiethnic1
African-Amer.
Hispanic
Hispanic
Caucasian
Hispanic
Afro-Carribian
Caucasian
Hispanic
Non-Caucasian %
80%
Country of birth
Domin. Rep.
USA
USA
Equador
Columbia
USA
Peru
West Indies
Latvia
Domin. Rep
Non-US born %
70%
Age at onset
28
19
27
38
46
46
38
60
56
63
Mean age onset (st. dev), yrs
42.1 (14.8)
Age at time of MRI (yrs)
30
33
37
41
53
54
60
61
69
75
Mean age at MRI (st. dev), yrs
51.3 (15.4)
Index event
TM
TM
ON
ON
ON
TM
TM
ON
TM
ON
Onset event ON %
50%
Optic Neuritis
2
5
6
2
3
0
3
2
0
1
ON, median (range)
2 (0–6)
Myelitis
3
4
4
0
1
2
5
0
4
1
Myelitis, median (range)
2 (0–5)
Form of NMO
NMO
NMO
NMO
Recurrent ON
NMO
Recurrent TM
NMO
Recurrent ON
Recurrent TM
NMO
NMO (Mayo 2006 criteria) %
60%
Visual acuity
<20/100 OS
<20/100 OU
<20/100 OU
20/80 OD
<20/100 OS
≤20/30 OU
<20/100 OS
<20/100 OS
≤20/30 OU
≤20/30 OU
Visual impaired % ≥1 eye
70%
Need ambulatory assistance
Cane
Walker
Unassisted
Unassisted
Unassisted
Unassisted
Wheelchair
Unassisted
Unassisted
Unassisted
Need ambulatory assist %
30%
Current NMO treatment
Mycophenolate
Mycophenolate prednisone
Rituximab, methotrexate
Azathioprine
Mycophenolate prednisone
Azathioprine
Rituximab
Azathioprine
Prior cytoxan
Azathioprine
On NMO therapy %
90%
Vascular risk factors
No
No
No
No
No
HTN, HLD
HLD
HTN
No
HTN, HLD
With vascular risk factors %
40%
MRI (lesion number on T2*/T2)
Subcortical
7
4
4
2
4
15
7
7
24
2
Subcortical, mean (st dev)
7.6 (6.9)
Periventricular
0
1
1
0
0
1
2
0
0
0
Periventricular, mean (st dev)
0.5 (0.7)
Juxtacortical
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
6
0
Juxtacortical, mean (st dev)
0.8 (1.9)
Corpus callosum
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
Corpus callos., mean (st dev)
0.3 (0.5)
“Thread-like”
3
0
3
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
“Thread-like,” mean (st dev)
0.8 (1.2)
Perivenous
0
1
1
0
3
0
1
1
0
1
Perivenous, mean (st dev)
0.8 (0.9)
Total, #
8
5
5
2
4
19
10
7
30
2
Total lesion count, mean (st dev)
9.2 (8.8)
1Native American/Irish/African-American. All lesions were <3 mm in diameter, except for 3 lesions in patient number 9 (see Table 1), which were ~5 mm in diameter. No cortical or basal ganglia lesions were seen. HTN: hypertension; HLD: hyperlipidemia; NMO: neuromyelitis, optica; OD: right eye; OS: left eye; OU: both eyes; ON: optic neuritis; TM: transverse myelitis.
