Clinical Study

Multiple Sclerosis in Malaysia: Demographics, Clinical Features, and Neuroimaging Characteristics

Table 1

Showing the anti-AQP4 antibody, oligoclonal band, and spinal MRI results for patients with idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease.

Diagnosis (after incorporating
anti-AQP4 antibody, oligoclonal bands,
and cord lesion length)
Anti-AQP4 antibody Cerebrospinal fluid
for oligoclonal bands
Spine MRI
PositiveNegativePositiveNegativeCord lesion
length ≤ 3 VS
Cord lesion
length > 3 VS

Clinical Diagnosis
 MS
  CIS (MRI brain CDMS)07525 (in two no lesions)0
  CDMS09130165522
  Opticospinal recurrent type of
  multiple sclerosis
8**201046*
  Spinal multiple sclerosis 1#43250
 NMO314143233
 NMOSD
  Single episode optic neuritis/relapsing
  optic neuritis
310000
  Single episode transverse
  myelitis/relapsing transverse myelitis
720918
  Brain lesions typical of NMOSD631845

 Other IIDDs
  ADEM026125818
  Single episode optic neuritis
  (undeclared as NMO or MS, no
  brain/cord lesions)
070700
  Single episode transverse myelitis
  undeclared as NMO/MS
020010812
  Unclassified single episode
  demyelinating disease of the brain
  (undifferentiated from
  NMOSD/ADEM/MS/non-IDDS)
080800
  Unclassified relapsing optic neuritis
  (MRI of brain and spine negative for
   MS or NMO/NMOSD)
030300

MS: multiple sclerosis; NMO: neuromyelitis optica; NMOSD: neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder; VS: vertebral segments.
*Six patients initially diagnosed with opticospinal variants of Multiple sclerosis upon reviewing first MRI at onset of disease were found to have longitudinally extensive cord lesions.
**Eight patients reclassified as NMO.
#Reclassified as NMOSD.