Review Article
Histaminergic Mechanisms for Modulation of Memory Systems
Table 2
Knockout mice models and memory performance.
| Behavioral task | Knockout type | Effect on memory | Reference(s) |
| Water maze* | Hdc −/− | ↓ | [111] | Water maze | Hdc −/− | ↑ | [112] | Object recognition* | Hdc −/− | Unaffected | [111] | Nonreinforced episodic object memory | Hdc −/− | ↓ | [112] | Contextual fear conditioning | Hdc −/− | ↑ | [113] | One-trial passive avoidance | Hdc −/− | ↑ | [111] | Open field (habituation) | Hdc −/− | Unaffected | [114] | Inhibitory avoidance | KO H1−/− | Unaffected | [115] | Conditioned place preference | KO H1−/− | ↓ | [116] | Radial-maze task | KO H1−/− | ↓ | [117] | Auditory and contextual fear conditioning | KO H1−/− | ↑ | [68] | Auditory and contextual fear conditioning | KO H2−/− | ↑ | [68] | Object recognition | KO H1−/− | ↓ | [68] | Object recognition | KO H2−/− | ↓ | [68] | Barnes maze | KO H1−/− | ↓ | [68] | Barnes maze | KO H2−/− | ↓ | [68] | Barnes maze | KO H3−/− | ↑ | [118] | Motoric long-term memory | KO H1−/− | ↓ | [119] | Episodic and procedural memory | KO H1−/− | ↓ | [119] |
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*This work was done using female mice. Hdc: histidine decarboxylase. H1, H2, H3: histaminergic receptor type.
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