Review Article
Mouse Models of Down Syndrome as a Tool to Unravel the Causes of Mental Disabilities
Table 5
Neurodegenerative processes in DS and in the Ts65Dn mouse.
| | DS | Ts65Dn |
| Neuroinflammation | (i) Activated microglia and increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines | (i) Activated microglia |
| Oxidative stress | (i) Increased | (i) Increased |
| AD neuropathology | (i) Cholinergic neuron loss, plaques, and tangles | (i) Cholinergic neuron degeneration, increased APP and β-amyloid levels |
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