Defining Optimal Aerobic Exercise Parameters to Affect Complex Motor and Cognitive Outcomes after Stroke: A Systematic Review and Synthesis

Figure 3

Effects of AE on upper limb movement: significant improvements (black bars) and negative findings (white bars) in animal studies () and clinical trials () were subcategorized under specific tasks: adhesive dot test, gross sensorimotor performance (e.g., forelimb placement test, Garcia index, or the cylinder test), and skilled limb movements (e.g., staircase test). The clinical trials included in this review only assessed performance on the Action Research Arm Test as a measurement of skilled movement of the upper limb.