Defining Optimal Aerobic Exercise Parameters to Affect Complex Motor and Cognitive Outcomes after Stroke: A Systematic Review and Synthesis

Table 2

Synthesized findings of optimal parameters to affect stroke outcomes.

Parameter	Outcome
	Balance/lower extremity	Upper limb; Gross motor	Upper limb; Fine control	Spatial memory; (animals only)	Working memory, processing, learning	Executive function; (clinical only)
Frequency	Animals; 5–7x/week; Clinical; 3x/week	Animals; 5–7x/week; Clinical; Unknown	Unknown	5–7x/week	Animals; Daily; Clinical; 3x/week	3–5x/week
Intensity	Animals/clinical; Moderate-high	Animals; Moderate-high; Clinical; Unknown	Unknown	Low-moderate	Animals; Low-moderate; Clinical; Moderate-high	Moderate-high
Time/duration	Animals; 20–30 min; 2–4 weeks; Clinical; 60 min; 4–8 weeks	Animals; 20–30 min; Duration unknown; Clinical; Unknown	Unknown	20–30 min; 2–4 weeks	Animals; 30 min; 10 d or 4 weeks; Clinical; 20–60 min; 8 weeks	30–60 min; 8 weeks or 6 months
Type/modality	Animals; FE and VE; Clinical; Mixed	Animals; FE; Clinical; Unknown	Unknown	FE and VE	Animals; FE; Clinical; Mixed	Mixed
Initiation; after stroke	Animals; 1–5 days; Clinical; >4 months	Animals; 1–5 days; Clinical; Unknown	Unknown	2–4 days	Animals; 2–4 days; Clinical; >4 months	>3 months