|
# | Stress | Paradigms | Animals | NAc | Function | Proteins or mRNA | References |
|
1 | CRS | 10 days | Male D1R and D2R mice | ↓ AMPAR/NMDAR ratio in D1R-MSNs via MC4R; induces LTD in D1R-MSN | MC4R activation and LTD in NAc are required for stress-induced anhedonia | MC4Rs, -MSH | [135] |
|
2 | CRS | 1 h/day for 14 days | Male SD rats | Chronic cannabinoid exposure prevents impaired memory via CB1 | CB1/2 receptor agonist prevents CRS-induced-impairment LTP in NAc and in the spatial task | ↓ glucocorticoid receptors in the Amg, NAc, PFC, and hippocampus | [121] |
|
3 | CUMS | 3 stressors/day for 21 days | Male Wistar rats | ↑ neuron density in DMS; ↓ neuron density in DLS; ↑ dendritic length in DLS; ↔ spine density in DS | | | [107] |
|
4 | CSDS | 10 min/day for 10 days | Male C57/BL6J and CD1 | | ↑ ΔFosB induced by CSDS is required for resilience | ↑ ΔFosB in resilience mice | [136] |
|
5 | CSDS | 10 min/day for 10 days | Male C57/BL6 and CD1 | | ↓ fEPSP in NAc; disrupted NMDAR-dependent LTD in cortico-NAc | ↓ NR2B surface and PSD95 in NAc; ↔ NR2A, Syn and NR1 | [137] |
|
6 | CSDS | 5 min/each total 3 times | C57BL/6J and CD1 mice | ↑ IκK activity ↑ thin spine density in MSNs | IκK enhances social avoidance behavior | ↑ inhibitor of κB kinase (IκK) | [138] |
|
7 | CSDS | 10 min/day for 10 days | C57BL6/J and CD1 mice | ↑ stubby spine density in MSNs in susceptible mice | ↑ frequency of mEPSCs in NAc of susceptible mice | ↑ IκB kinase (IκK) in NAc in susceptible mice | [139] |
|
8 | CSDS | 10 min/day for 10 days | C57BL6/J and CD1 mice | ↑ Dnmt3a levels in NAc ↑ spine density in NAc | Dnmt3a regulates depression-like behaviors | ↑ DNA methyltransferases (Dnmt3a) | [140] |
|
9 | CSDS | 10 min/day for 10 days | Male C57/BL6 and CD1 | ↑ stubby spine density in MSNs in susceptible mice in a Rac-1-dependent manner | ↑ cofilin puncta colocalization with stubby spines | ↓ Rac-1 mRNA levels in NAc of susceptible mice ↓ Rac-1 mRNA levels in NAc of depressed patients | [141] |
|
10 | CSDS | 10 min/day for 10 days | Male C57/BL6 and CD1 | Excitatory transmission at ILT-NAc MSN synapses controls susceptibility to CSDS | ↑ AMPAR/NMDAR ratio only at ILT inputs to MSNs of susceptible mice | ↑ Vglut22, but not Vglut1 in MSN of susceptible mice | [142] |
|
11 | CSDS | 10 min/day for 10 days | Male C57/BL6 and CD1 | ↑ uEPSC amplitude in D1R ↓ uEPSC amplitude in D2R mushroom, not thin spines in NAC MSNs in resilient, but not susceptible mice | CSDS does affect uEPSC amplitude mushroom or thin spines of D1-MSNs or D2-MSNs in susceptible mice | | [143] |
|
12 | CSDS | 10 min/day for 10 days | C57BL6/J and CD1 mice | DNA microarrays; some genes specific to susceptibility in VTA and NAC are identified in susceptible mice | ↑ firing in VTA DA neurons in susceptible mice | ↑ BDNF, Akt, GSK-3β, and ERK1/2 in NAc of susceptible mice | [144] |
|
13 | CSDS | 10 min/day for 3 days | Male C57/bl6 and CD1 | ↓ sIPSC frequency in NAc in control, not stressed mice | ↑ sensitivity of striatal GABA synapses to the stimulation of cannabinoid CB1R | CB1R ↓ | [145] |
|
14 | CSDS | 10 min/day for 10 days | Male C57/bl6 and CD1 | ↑ vHIP-NAc synaptic transmission is prosusceptible ↓ LTD of vHIP-NAc synaptic transmission is proresilient | vHIP afferents to NAc uniquely regulate susceptibility to CSDS ↓ activity in vHIP in mice resilient to CSDS | | [146] |
|
15 | Emotional (ES) and physical stress (PS) | 10 min/day for 10 days | Male C57/bl6 adolescent (P35) or adult (P56) and CD1 | ↑ spine density in NAc in adolescents by ES and PS ↑ spine density in NAc in adult only by PS | | ES and PS ↓ p-ERK2 in adolescents but ↑ p-ERK2 in adult | [147] |
|
16 | Prenatal stress | | Male and female rats | ↑ spine density in NAc | | | [148] |
|