Time is a multifaceted and complex cognitive function. Time perception is fundamental to many aspects of our lives, including speech recognition and production, motion perception, sound localization, and motor coordination. Moreover, humans need to anticipate the timing of future events to prepare actions and to allocate sensory processing resources. These are only few examples of how “time” is important for a wide range of functions in everyday life.

Different theories were formulated to explain how time is represented in the brain and what the mechanisms of time perception and reproduction are. A lot of studies in the last decade focused on the neural bases of time using different approaches.

This topic has gained increasing interest in the field of neurophysiology, neuropsychology, cognitive science, and neuroimaging, with the number of publications per year being doubled during the last decade.

The purpose of this special issue is to publish high-quality research papers as well as review articles addressing recent advances in the neurobiology of time. Original, high-quality contributions that are not yet published or that are not currently under review by other journals or peer-reviewed conferences are sought. We invite researchers from different disciplines, including neuropsychology, neuroimaging, neurophysiology, and cognitive psychology, to contribute.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to:

• Mental time travel and self-projection in time
• Theory of Magnitude (ATOM) and Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT)
• Models for event timing: centralized internal clock versus distributed timing networks
• Animal studies on the neurobiology of time
• Computational model of time processing
• Motor and perceptual representations of temporal intervals
• Temporal expectation and the ability to make predictions
• The disorder of time processing
• Time perception and attention
• Memory and time
• Implicit and explicit time encoding
• The neural basis of time perception in developmental age
• Differences in time perception in young and elderly people
• Time in different modalities
• New applications of our knowledge on time