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Step (theoretical construct targeted) | Details | Parameters (examples) |
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(1) Presentation of scientific evidence (knowledge) | Present scientific evidence on the negative effects of glass ampoules for patients, information on research, and recommendations about the use of filter needles. | For modeling [28]: attention, remembrance, self-efficacy and skills, reinforcement of model, and identification with model. |
(2) Preparing medication from a glass ampoule (perceived behavioral control) | Two nurses prepare medication contained in a glass ampoule (e.g., furosemide or narcotic). One uses a filter needle; the other uses a standard needle. | |
(3) Positive feedback (reinforcement) | Do positive feedback during the simulation (ability of nurses to manipulate the equipment and to prepare medication). | For reinforcement [28]: reinforced by significant other. |
(4) Pointing out ease of use (perceived behavioral control) | Point out the ease of use of filter needles. | |
(5) Mental imagery of glass particles (attitude) | Lead nurses through imagining glass particles (with pictures) injected in the patient and the microorganisms that become lodged in the capillaries, blocking them. | |
(6) Comparing time between filter and standard needles (perceived behavioral control) | When the medication is prepared, do a comparison between the time taken to prepare the medication with the filter needle and the standard needle. | For persuasion [29]: repeated connections between behavior and positive feelings. |
(7) Verbalization of the situation | Allow time for verbalization of the situation for the nurses who prepared the medication. | |
(8) Inversing the roles (perceived behavioral control) | Do the simulation again by inversing the roles of the two nurses. | |
(9) Feedback and evaluation (perceived behavioral control) | Following the simulation, evaluate the potential barriers to the use of filter needles on the unit. Find solutions, if possible. Offer follow-up if there is an impasse or obstacle that was not resolved. | |
(10) Verbalization of the intervention | Allow time for a verbalization of the overall experience with the intervention. | |
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