Fertility Preservation for Cancer Patients: A Review

Table 1

Agent	Known effect on testis
Cyclophosphamide	Severe
Nitrogen mustard	Severe
Procarbazine	Severe
Bleomycin	Moderate
Carboplatin	Moderate
Cisplatin	Moderate
Cytarabine	Moderate
Doxorubicin	Moderate
Etoposide	Moderate
Ifosfamide	Moderate
Thioguanine	Moderate
Vinblastine	Moderate
Vincristine	Moderate
Methotrexate	Minimal

Effects are dose dependent.
Severe = Azoospermia shortly after treatement with less than 20% recovery of spermatogenesis.
Moderate = possible azoospermia shortly after treatment with 20–50% of patients recovering spermatogenesis.
Minimal = possibility of transient azoospermia but more than 50% of patients recovering spermatogenesis.